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edible_gardening [2009-01-28 11:10] – 87.210.211.132 | edible_gardening [2009-01-28 12:11] – 87.210.211.132 | ||
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When building soil or feeding hungry plants, go heavy on nitrogen fixers. | When building soil or feeding hungry plants, go heavy on nitrogen fixers. | ||
+ | Nitrogin fixers come in all sizes from clover to shrubs, to trees such as black locust, alder, and acacia. | ||
Many **legumes**, | Many **legumes**, | ||
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- | ====== Grounddisinfectors / | ||
- | |||
+ | |||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | . | ||
+ | ====== Nutrient Accumulators ====== | ||
+ | ***Yarrow** | ||
+ | ***Chamomile** | ||
+ | ***Fennel** | ||
+ | ***Lamb’s quarters** | ||
+ | ***Chirory** | ||
+ | ***Dandelions** | ||
+ | ***Plantain** | ||
+ | *and many more... | ||
+ | |||
+ | Most of these plants are considered as weeds; and they make their living ass pioneer species: tough sundependent, | ||
+ | |||
+ | ====== Pestcontrollers/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Some plants secrete compounds that repel a few specific pests in the soil or above. Examples are | ||
***Tagetes** - Africaantjes: | ***Tagetes** - Africaantjes: | ||
- | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem -Calendula officinalis: | + | ***Marigolds** - Goudsbloem - Calendula officinalis: |
- | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber | + | ***Wild marigold** - Tagetes minuta: repels soil nematodes |
+ | ***Nasturiums** - Oostindische kers - Tropaeolum (L.): it deters white flies for all grounds: good groundcover and/ or climber | ||
+ | ***Elderberry** | ||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | . | ||
====== Roots ====== | ====== Roots ====== | ||
The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | The roots of trees and shrubs can go deep in the underground and even throught the underlying stoneground to get from there minerals and to suck water, and to make this available for themselves and their neighbours who don’t have these long roots. | ||
- | all members of Pea family / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground | + | ***all members of Pea family** / Vlinderbloemigen do have a taproot to penetrate deeper in the ground. |
+ | ***All Rootvegetables** are aswell usefull. | ||
+ | |||
+ | when soil is compacted or clayey, plants are excellent tools to restore tilth and fluffiness. | ||
+ | Species with deep, soil busting taproots are perfelt for the job. These include: | ||
+ | ***Daikon** | ||
+ | ***Chirory** | ||
+ | ***Comfrey** | ||
+ | ***Artichoke** | ||
+ | ***Dandelion** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Others don’t have a single taproot but instead thrust a massive, fibrous rootsystem deep into the erath to accomplish the same soil loosening: | ||
+ | ***Mustard** | ||
+ | ***Rapeseed** | ||
+ | ***Alfafa** - Luzerne - Medicago (also a good nitrogen fixer) | ||
+ | |||
+ | You can use these plants either of two strategies; sow them into afuture orchard or garden to work a year of two before the final planting or intercrop them among beds or under trees to continually break up the soil. | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) | ***Winterkers** (vergeten eten) | ||
***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) | ***Zevenblad** -Ground Elder - Aegopodium (L.) | ||
+ | ***Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse | ||
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***Good-King-Henry** – Brave hendrik - Chenopodium bonus-henricus (perennial) | ***Good-King-Henry** – Brave hendrik - Chenopodium bonus-henricus (perennial) | ||
***French Sorrel** -Spaanse zuring-Rumex scutatus | ***French Sorrel** -Spaanse zuring-Rumex scutatus | ||
+ | ***Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - Rumex acetosa (flora) | ||
***Veldzuring** -Common & French Sorrel (Flora) (perennial) | ***Veldzuring** -Common & French Sorrel (Flora) (perennial) | ||
+ | ***Musk Mallow & Malva Moschata** - Muskuskaasjeskruid (en groot kaasjeskruid) en Malva sylvestris: (also used as veg.) | ||
+ | ***Vijfdelig Kaasjeskruid** - Malva alcea; perennial (flora) | ||
+ | ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale (perennial) | ||
+ | ***Myrrhis odorata** | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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=== Roots and Tubers (knollen) === | === Roots and Tubers (knollen) === | ||
+ | By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, some species can be perennialized. | ||
+ | |||
Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | Radish and Turnip (raap) are strong enough to copete succesfully with the weeds; leave a few unharvested to seed themselves year after year. | ||
Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | Radish is doing well in the shade when you sow them late) | ||
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***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** | ***Winterharde Spaanse radijsjes** | ||
***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** | ***Paarse Franse winterradijsjes** | ||
- | ***Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! | + | ***Artichokes** - Jerusalem and Chinese - Purperen Artisjok (van vergeten eten: can be an allophatic plant! |
***Carrots**: | ***Carrots**: | ||
***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Hamwortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Haverwortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
- | ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit, Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais | + | ***Edible Burdock** - Grote Klit, Klis or Klitwortel – Arctium lappais; can be perennialized |
***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) | ***Spaanse Kastanjewortel** (vergeten eten) | ||
***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) | ***Knolkervel** (vergeten eten) | ||
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***Friese Knossen** (koolraap) (vergeten eten) | ***Friese Knossen** (koolraap) (vergeten eten) | ||
***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - DELICIOUS) | ***Wortelpeterselie** (vergeten eten - DELICIOUS) | ||
- | ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus | + | ***Chicory** - Chichorei - Chicorium intimus; can be perennialized |
+ | ***Horseradish** | ||
---- | ---- | ||
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=== Bulbs & Onion family === | === Bulbs & Onion family === | ||
- | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. one can use for instance: | + | Bulbs and herbs can breakdown soil, they will come by themselves year after year. |
+ | |||
+ | By leaving a section of the root, or allowing the plant to grow large enough so send out smaller roots, they can be perennialized | ||
***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | ***Welsh Onion** -Stengellui of waalse ui - Allium fistulosum ........Flora | ||
***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | ***Wild Garlic** - Kraailook - Allium vineale (Flora) | ||
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***Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | ***Daslook ‘Ramsons’** | ||
***Garlic** | ***Garlic** | ||
+ | ***Shalots** | ||
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***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: | ***Green Alkanet** - Ossentong - entaglottis sempervirens: | ||
***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) | ***Salad Burnet** - Pimpernel - Sanguisorba minor (Scop.) | ||
- | ***Dandelions** - Paardenbloem – Taraxacum officinale; (also used as veg.) | ||
***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) | ***Peppermint** - Pepermunt - Mentha ×piperita: (Mentha is capable to spread itself easily so it function aswell for a constant layer of living mulch) | ||
*** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial | *** Parsley** - Peterselie -Petroselinum sativum: perennial | ||
***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: | ***(Hamburgse)-Krulpeterselie**: | ||
***Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita | ***Camomile** - Kamille echte – - Matricaria recutita | ||
- | ***Sweet Cicely** - Kervel roomse | ||
***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | ***Sage** - Salie echte - Salvia officinalis | ||
***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial | ***Cowslip** - Sleutelbloem gulden - Primula veris (B): perennial | ||
***Stinkende Gouwe** - Chelidonium majus | ***Stinkende Gouwe** - Chelidonium majus | ||
***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum | ***Thymes** - Tijm wilde - Thymus serpyllum | ||
- | ***Myrrhis odorata** | ||
- | ***Common Sorrel** - Veldzuring - - Rumex acetosa (used as veg) | ||
***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis | ***Ladys Mantle** - Vrouwenmantel - Alchemilla mollis | ||
***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus | ***Sunflower** - Zonnebloem - Helianthus annuus |