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history_of_permaculture [2008-04-11 16:11] – created sanjeevhistory_of_permaculture [2009-08-21 12:58] (current) 83.101.32.152
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 === Permaculture: History === === Permaculture: History ===
  
-These notes form a part of [[sanjeev_shankar]]'s research, which is summarised in his [[research_report_sanjeev-shankar|research report]]+These notes form a part of [[sanjeev_shankar]]'s research, which is summarised in his [[research_report_sanjeev-shankar|research report]] see also [[history of permaculture]]
  
-’PERMACULTURE’ was originally coined in the mid seventies by two Australians, David Holmgren and Bill Mollison, to describe the design system pioneered as a response to what they, and many others globally, saw as serious challenges to the survival of all of us. Originally derived from the words ‘PERMAnent agriCULTURE’, permaculture has gone beyond it’s roots in looking at strategies to create sustainable food growing methods to become a worldwide movement encompassing all aspects of how we as human beings can live harmoniously in relation to our Earth and it’s finite resources and create a PERManent CULTURE. Permaculture, today has multiple defintions, but one that is particularly useful might be- "To create sustaianble human habitats by following nature's patterns". This thought is clearly manifested in permaculture as a system of gardening but also as the worldwide network of individuals and groups and further in permaculture as a counterculture.+’PERMACULTURE’ was originally coined in the mid seventies by two Australians, David Holmgren and Bill Mollison, to describe the design system pioneered as a response to what they, and many others globally, saw as serious challenges to the survival of all of us. Originally derived from the words ‘PERMAnent agriCULTURE’, [[permaculture]] has gone beyond it’s roots in looking at strategies to create sustainable food growing methods to become a worldwide movement encompassing all aspects of how we as human beings can live harmoniously in relation to our Earth and it’s finite resources and create a PERManent CULTURE. Permaculture, today has multiple defintions, but one that is particularly useful might be- "To create sustaianble human habitats by following nature's patterns". This thought is clearly manifested in permaculture as a system of gardening but also as the worldwide network of individuals and groups and further in permaculture as a counterculture.
  
 For many, the Permaculture focus on land and natural resource management is complimentary to the industrial focus of the "green tech" optimists, but there are differences. Permaculture:  For many, the Permaculture focus on land and natural resource management is complimentary to the industrial focus of the "green tech" optimists, but there are differences. Permaculture: 
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 ==Permaculture Principles== ==Permaculture Principles==
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 +{{:perma101.jpg|}}
  
 Permaculture is a wholehearted adaptation to the ecological realities of decline and offers us a graceful and ethical descent. The process for providing for people's needs within ecological limits requires a cultural revolution. We appear to have little time to achieve ths revolution and in this context, the idea of simple set of guiding //design principles// which have wide, universal application is attractive. The following principles are slogans which act as a checklist when considering complex options for design and evolution of ecological support systems. Permaculture is a wholehearted adaptation to the ecological realities of decline and offers us a graceful and ethical descent. The process for providing for people's needs within ecological limits requires a cultural revolution. We appear to have little time to achieve ths revolution and in this context, the idea of simple set of guiding //design principles// which have wide, universal application is attractive. The following principles are slogans which act as a checklist when considering complex options for design and evolution of ecological support systems.
-  - Observe and Interact +  - Careful observation and thoughtful interaction where the landscape is treated as a textbook.  
-  - Catch and store energy +  - Catching and storing energy in the landscape (water, soil, trees, seeds, built environment and culture). Energy storage in culture refers to appropriate governance and economy. 
-  - Obtain a yield +  - Obtaining a yield to create a system of self reliance. This involves organising control mechanisms and feedback loops that help the system adapt and stabilize. 
-  - Apply self-regulation and accept feedback +  - Applying discipline, self-regulation and accepting feedback. Keeping a constant check on our needs and wants.  
-  - Use and value renewable resources and services +  - Using and valuing renewable resources and services 
-  - Produce no waste +  - Trying to producing no waste. Celebrating the concept of recycling. 
-  - Design from patterns to details +  - Design from patterns to details. Constant search for improvement and innovation. 
-  - Integrate rather than segregate +  - Integrate rather than segregate. Aiming for an inclusive approach. 
-  - Use small and slow solutions +  - Using small and slow solutions. Leaving no trace. 
-  - Use and value diversity +  - Using and valuing diversity 
-  - Use edges and value the marginal +  - Using edges and value the marginal 
-  - Creatively use and respond to change ((Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability by David Holmgren))+  - Creatively using and responding to change ((Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability by David Holmgren))
  
 Now, in a situation of descent, //ethics// become indispensable and through their culturally evolved systemic nature lead us to create a more inclusive view of who and what constitutes "us". The three broad maxims or principles which cover these are given below:  Now, in a situation of descent, //ethics// become indispensable and through their culturally evolved systemic nature lead us to create a more inclusive view of who and what constitutes "us". The three broad maxims or principles which cover these are given below: 
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