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history_of_permaculture [2008-04-14 18:21] sanjeevhistory_of_permaculture [2009-08-21 12:58] (current) 83.101.32.152
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 === Permaculture: History === === Permaculture: History ===
  
-These notes form a part of [[sanjeev_shankar]]'s research, which is summarised in his [[research_report_sanjeev-shankar|research report]]+These notes form a part of [[sanjeev_shankar]]'s research, which is summarised in his [[research_report_sanjeev-shankar|research report]] see also [[history of permaculture]]
  
 ’PERMACULTURE’ was originally coined in the mid seventies by two Australians, David Holmgren and Bill Mollison, to describe the design system pioneered as a response to what they, and many others globally, saw as serious challenges to the survival of all of us. Originally derived from the words ‘PERMAnent agriCULTURE’, [[permaculture]] has gone beyond it’s roots in looking at strategies to create sustainable food growing methods to become a worldwide movement encompassing all aspects of how we as human beings can live harmoniously in relation to our Earth and it’s finite resources and create a PERManent CULTURE. Permaculture, today has multiple defintions, but one that is particularly useful might be- "To create sustaianble human habitats by following nature's patterns". This thought is clearly manifested in permaculture as a system of gardening but also as the worldwide network of individuals and groups and further in permaculture as a counterculture. ’PERMACULTURE’ was originally coined in the mid seventies by two Australians, David Holmgren and Bill Mollison, to describe the design system pioneered as a response to what they, and many others globally, saw as serious challenges to the survival of all of us. Originally derived from the words ‘PERMAnent agriCULTURE’, [[permaculture]] has gone beyond it’s roots in looking at strategies to create sustainable food growing methods to become a worldwide movement encompassing all aspects of how we as human beings can live harmoniously in relation to our Earth and it’s finite resources and create a PERManent CULTURE. Permaculture, today has multiple defintions, but one that is particularly useful might be- "To create sustaianble human habitats by following nature's patterns". This thought is clearly manifested in permaculture as a system of gardening but also as the worldwide network of individuals and groups and further in permaculture as a counterculture.
  
-For many, the [[Permaculture]] focus on land and natural resource management is complimentary to the industrial focus of the "green tech" optimists, but there are differences. Permaculture: +For many, the Permaculture focus on land and natural resource management is complimentary to the industrial focus of the "green tech" optimists, but there are differences. Permaculture: 
   * gives priority to using existing wealth to rebuilding natural capital, especially trees and forests, as a proven storage of wealth to sustain humanity into a future with less fossil fuel.   * gives priority to using existing wealth to rebuilding natural capital, especially trees and forests, as a proven storage of wealth to sustain humanity into a future with less fossil fuel.
   * emphasises bottom-up "redesign" processes, starting with the individual and household as drivers for change at the market, community and cultural level   * emphasises bottom-up "redesign" processes, starting with the individual and household as drivers for change at the market, community and cultural level
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 Permaculture is a wholehearted adaptation to the ecological realities of decline and offers us a graceful and ethical descent. The process for providing for people's needs within ecological limits requires a cultural revolution. We appear to have little time to achieve ths revolution and in this context, the idea of simple set of guiding //design principles// which have wide, universal application is attractive. The following principles are slogans which act as a checklist when considering complex options for design and evolution of ecological support systems. Permaculture is a wholehearted adaptation to the ecological realities of decline and offers us a graceful and ethical descent. The process for providing for people's needs within ecological limits requires a cultural revolution. We appear to have little time to achieve ths revolution and in this context, the idea of simple set of guiding //design principles// which have wide, universal application is attractive. The following principles are slogans which act as a checklist when considering complex options for design and evolution of ecological support systems.
-  - Observe and Interact +  - Careful observation and thoughtful interaction where the landscape is treated as a textbook.  
-  - Catch and store energy +  - Catching and storing energy in the landscape (water, soil, trees, seeds, built environment and culture). Energy storage in culture refers to appropriate governance and economy. 
-  - Obtain a yield +  - Obtaining a yield to create a system of self reliance. This involves organising control mechanisms and feedback loops that help the system adapt and stabilize. 
-  - Apply self-regulation and accept feedback +  - Applying discipline, self-regulation and accepting feedback. Keeping a constant check on our needs and wants.  
-  - Use and value renewable resources and services +  - Using and valuing renewable resources and services 
-  - Produce no waste +  - Trying to producing no waste. Celebrating the concept of recycling. 
-  - Design from patterns to details +  - Design from patterns to details. Constant search for improvement and innovation. 
-  - Integrate rather than segregate +  - Integrate rather than segregate. Aiming for an inclusive approach. 
-  - Use small and slow solutions +  - Using small and slow solutions. Leaving no trace. 
-  - Use and value diversity +  - Using and valuing diversity 
-  - Use edges and value the marginal +  - Using edges and value the marginal 
-  - Creatively use and respond to change ((Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability by David Holmgren))+  - Creatively using and responding to change ((Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability by David Holmgren))
  
 Now, in a situation of descent, //ethics// become indispensable and through their culturally evolved systemic nature lead us to create a more inclusive view of who and what constitutes "us". The three broad maxims or principles which cover these are given below:  Now, in a situation of descent, //ethics// become indispensable and through their culturally evolved systemic nature lead us to create a more inclusive view of who and what constitutes "us". The three broad maxims or principles which cover these are given below: 
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