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hosting_craft [2013-12-17 10:42] – [Session 4: The conversations] maja | hosting_craft [2014-06-02 16:11] – maja | ||
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+ | |||
+ | Participants' | ||
+ | * It brings you closer to yourself | ||
+ | * The clustering of individual responses connects the group | ||
+ | * The question from the exercise is quite existential, | ||
+ | * Knowing that there would be a reporting to the group focused the ' | ||
=== Intimate - duo === | === Intimate - duo === | ||
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At the end, the person who took notes reports in a few words the feelings, actions and resources that make inspiring situations possible. The facilitator (or a volunteer) summarises the key points. </ | At the end, the person who took notes reports in a few words the feelings, actions and resources that make inspiring situations possible. The facilitator (or a volunteer) summarises the key points. </ | ||
+ | Comments from participants: | ||
+ | * There isn't much time to reflect: listening and processing has to happen at the same time, so it's difficult to ask the ' | ||
+ | * Having to speak while someone else is intently listening causes a ' | ||
+ | * Important to share with the group, the person listening can convey non verbal communication as well, which helps with getting a deeper understanding of the other | ||
+ | * AI - it feels good to talk about 'good times' | ||
+ | * The feeling of being self-conscious and vulnerable is helped as both people have to assume the same role | ||
+ | * you end up helping each other and encouraging openness | ||
+ | * the person who listens has to sense what the other needs | ||
+ | * it helps to be honest about your own insecurity, then allowing each other to be uncertain | ||
+ | * fear needs to be acknowledged from the beginning | ||
+ | * time pressure is difficult to get into a deep conversation. | ||
=== Active - trio === | === Active - trio === | ||
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< | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | Comments from participants: | ||
+ | * difficult to find volunteers to moderate and/or report back (possible solutions - having someone from the hosting team act as a ' | ||
+ | * there has to be sufficient clarity of instructions, | ||
+ | * breakouts over several days can become like a supportive ' | ||
+ | * breakouts help with sharing a ' | ||
+ | * shy people feel more comfortable speaking in breakouts | ||
+ | * danger: the moderator imposing where the conversations should go. Good to separate the roles of moderator and reporter to avoid this. | ||
+ | |||
=== Unifying - whole group === | === Unifying - whole group === | ||
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< | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | Comments from participants: | ||
+ | * It feels calmer when the ordering is set and you know your turn. Listening becomes easy, because you don't have to think of the order, on the other hand some participants then keep thinking of what they' | ||
+ | * Listening is best when you don't know when your turn is, but the reflection is shallower | ||
+ | * Choosing feels most comfortable. If there is a choice, some people want to go last (out of politeness), | ||
+ | * Choosing which circle form to use depends on circumstance and topic. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Conclusion === | ||
In all of the conversation forms above, the role of the host is the same: | In all of the conversation forms above, the role of the host is the same: | ||
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* Summarising, | * Summarising, | ||
* Note taking (or harvesting, can be delegated if there is someone else available). | * Note taking (or harvesting, can be delegated if there is someone else available). | ||
+ | |||
Using a combination of solo, duo, trio, break-outs and circles, you can design many different flows and formats. When combining different conversation forms together, think about what kind of conversation is most appropriate for the topic and the goals. Some need more contemplation or intimate sharing, others more active and unifying conversations, | Using a combination of solo, duo, trio, break-outs and circles, you can design many different flows and formats. When combining different conversation forms together, think about what kind of conversation is most appropriate for the topic and the goals. Some need more contemplation or intimate sharing, others more active and unifying conversations, | ||
- | Next time (January | + | Next time (April 2014): ' |
+ | |||
+ | ==== Session 5: Listening and summarising ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | While the participants are ' | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Listening === | ||
+ | |||
+ | A few notes on [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Comprehension == | ||
+ | * understanding what the other person is saying. | ||
+ | * shared meaning, language, jargon issues | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Retaining == | ||
+ | * memory: related to making meaning (memory fills in the blanks - ' | ||
+ | * different memories, different meanings attached to the same statement | ||
+ | |||
+ | We can’t retain everything we hear, several reasons: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * cramming: a lot of info at the same time stored in short term memory, then purged | ||
+ | * not paying attention to what is being said | ||
+ | * not finding something important - looses meaning | ||
+ | * lack motivation to better remember what is being said: using info immediately after it was received increases our ability to retain information | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Responding == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * if in an interaction (conversation rather than lecture), you’re required to respond, it makes your listening more active | ||
+ | * mindless listening <-> mindful (active) listening | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Active listening == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * both words and non-verbal signals (body language) | ||
+ | * hearing, then restating/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Barriers: | ||
+ | * distractions (physical - sounds, visual…) | ||
+ | * trigger words | ||
+ | * vocabulary | ||
+ | * limited attention span | ||
+ | * making assumptions based on our own experience, rather than really listening | ||
+ | * conversational narcissism, shift response - listen to what someone says, then turning the conversation to you without showing interest whether the others are listening, or whether what you’re saying is continuing/ | ||
+ | * support response - opposite of shift response: focus conversational attention to the other person, encourages cooperation (remember compass) - not me-oriented but we-oriented | ||
+ | |||
+ | What to do: | ||
+ | * put personal emotions aside | ||
+ | * ask clarifying questions | ||
+ | * paraphrase and repeat to make sure you understand | ||
+ | * try to overcome all environmental distractions | ||
+ | * not judging or arguing prematurely (holding onto a personal opinion) | ||
+ | * eye contact (in most EU cultures) and appropriate body language (mirroring, or middle position) | ||
+ | * empathise, try to listen from within the others’ shoes | ||
+ | * intonation and stressing particular words can keep listeners from being distracted | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Summarising === | ||
+ | |||
+ | i.e. Restating main ideas of a conversation in as few words as possible. Summary is like a quilt that pulls together very different pieces of fabric | ||
+ | |||
+ | In a summary the host takes what everyone has said into account, distills essential points in a concise and clear language. It's important to pay attention to what kind of information you’re summarising (is it describing the context, is it a call for action, opinions, answers to questions), especially if there are 'next steps' to be done. Always end by asking if people agree with your summary, if they have something to add, if something is unclear or if you misunderstood something - "did I get it right, did i get it all?" By the end of the summary, people should have a sense of closure, that the discussion is rounded up and there isn’t more to be said. | ||
+ | |||
+ | A good summary: | ||
+ | * uses the words of the speaker so they maintain ownership of what is said | ||
+ | * enables an overview of the discussion/ | ||
+ | * finds the essence in the jungle of words and opinions | ||
+ | * no advice, opinion or re-interpretation | ||
+ | * it doesn’t have to be perfect - it allows the group to reflect on whether you understood correctly - and if not, maybe others didn’t either… | ||
+ | * it gives the speakers a chance to 'hear themselves' | ||
+ | * sees things as a whole, when all the details, distractions, | ||
+ | * ensures clear communication | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | == How to structure summaries == | ||
+ | |||
+ | Be short and to the point, keep in mind what the topic or the question of the conversation is and find a words to pull together possible answers/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Begin with a statement that shows that you’re summarising: | ||
+ | * let me see if i understand so far… | ||
+ | * here’s what i’ve heard, let me know if i’m missing something | ||
+ | * let me see if i have all of this… | ||
+ | * we’re coming to a close and i’d like to try to pull together what we said, to see where we are and where we’re going… | ||
+ | |||
+ | If there are different opinions or options, make sure to include them all | ||
+ | * on the one hand… while on the other… | ||
+ | * at the same time… | ||
+ | * and… | ||
+ | |||
+ | End with an open question: | ||
+ | * what else? | ||
+ | * what other points are there to consider? | ||
+ | |||
+ | When to summarise? | ||
+ | * at transition points | ||
+ | * in between sessions | ||
+ | * when changing topics | ||
+ | * to wrap up a session | ||
+ | * in the beginning and/or end of the day | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | === Impromptu public speaking === | ||
+ | |||
+ | When summarising, | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | A speech has 3 elements, and so does a summary: | ||
+ | * logos (content and structure) | ||
+ | * pathos (emotional impact) | ||
+ | * ethos (personal credibility and likeability) | ||
+ | (all three depend on the audience’s sensitivity) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Logos: | ||
+ | * keep it simple and easy to remember | ||
+ | * establish common ground | ||
+ | * think about what might be objections and counter arguments | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pathos: | ||
+ | * acknowledge your audience’s values and feelings | ||
+ | * share your own feelings and reactions | ||
+ | * use striking facts and contrasts | ||
+ | * be personal and visual | ||
+ | |||
+ | Ethos: | ||
+ | * show that you care | ||
+ | * acknowledge the colour of your lens | ||
+ | * use examples | ||
+ | * refer to people | ||
+ | * be real and interactive | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | |||
+ | * how does your life change with your children on school holidays | ||
+ | * what does climate chaos and unpredictable weather conditions impact your life? | ||
+ | * how do you deal with exhaustion? | ||
+ | * what could we work on together? | ||
+ | * etc. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Each host-in-training should have a chance to listen and summarise, so you should have as many rounds as hosts. Make the conversations 5-10 minutes long, then have the host summarise. Discuss the delivery and content of the summary together (did the host capture the gist of the conversation? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Next session (20140612 at 2PM): Graphic Harvesting/ | ||
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* Chaordic Design | * Chaordic Design | ||
* http:// | * http:// | ||
+ | * Ideo method cards | ||
+ | * http:// | ||
A few experiments that we at FoAM scavenged and adapted from various methods | A few experiments that we at FoAM scavenged and adapted from various methods |