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==== Machine Wilderness ====

Project outline.\\
**Partners:** FoAM Ams, [[http://zone2source.net/nl/|Zone2Source]], [[http://ivanhenriques.com/|Ivan Henriques]], [[http://www.ontaardeboom.nl/ |Daan van Geijlswijk]] .\\
[[Machine_Ecology_notes]]\\
[[Machine_Ecology_PlanVanAanpak]]\\
[[Machine_Ecology_ProgrammaEisenRobot]]\\
[[Machine_Ecology_Het Verhaal]]\\
[[Machine_Ecology_Planning]]\\
\\
**Keywords:** ecological robotics, restoration ecology, artificial organisms, artscience, foodwebs, trophic cascades, biodiversity, groworld.\\
\\
**Outline:**\\
Anthropocentric landscapes are characterized by reduced biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Traditionally the engineering focus on landscape maintenance has been primarily on efficiently extracting these landscapes, in industrial agriculture, forestry, mining and tourism. Machine Wilderness is a project prototyping artificial organisms as a functional agents within biotopes and ecosystems, actively contributing to biodiversity.  The new [[http://proefstationmidwest.nl/|MidWest Experimental Station]] a research station set up by FoAM in Amsterdam, will provide a test area for ecological robotics and study interactions between biomes and mechanical organisms.\\
\\
**Transplantation Ecology:**\\
The Amsterdam area is an old swamp and much of the Western part of it has been topped-up with some 60 to 80 cm of sand in the 1930. This sand came from the area of het Gooi. With the Goois Natuur Reservaat, we are discussing the possibility of 'transplantation ecology', which is an emerging method of relocating vegetation holistically from natural areas. In our case this would form the biome for artificial animals to interact with. These methods have not been applied often, and we will monitor the development of the test plot with the help off experienced taxonomists and urban ecologists.\\
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**Topics:** Could artificial beings contribute to biodiversity, microclimates, pollination, zoochorie, reforestation or even fill vacant ecological niches? Could artificial beings interact symbiotically in food-webs? Use foraging strategies as a power source? Predate on invasive species, or enable trophic cascades to create more biodiverse landscapes?\\

Artists / designers:
  * [[http://ivanhenriques.com|Ivan Henriques]] Symbiotic Machine
  * [[http://www.shlomi-mir.com/tumbleweed/|Shlomi Mir]] Tumbleweed Robot
  * [[http://marniajohnston.com/section/278549_TE_ND_Rover_Project.html|Marina Johnston]] [[http://www.tendrover.com/|Te+nd Rover]]
  * [[http://www.plantasnomadas.com/|Gilberto Esparza]] Nomadic Plants

Theory:
  * Robots in Ecology: [[http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?paperID=18956#.VPbpRGYk9AY|Welcome to the machine PDF]] 
  * FoAM's [[http://augmentedecology.com/|Augmented Ecology]]

Universities:
  * Bristol Robotics Lab [[http://singularityhub.com/2010/08/05/robot-with-artificial-gut-eats-waste-for-electrical-power-video/|Robot with artificial gut]] [[https://mitpress.mit.edu/sites/default/files/titles/alife/0262290758chap131.pdf|research PDF]] and their study on [[http://phys.org/news/2012-05-environmentally-friendly-robot.html|Biodegradable Robotics]]
  * [[http://www.kuleuven.be/wieiswie/en/person/00085557|Robbe van Beers]] KU Leuven, robotica and ripeness sensors used for [[http://spie.org/profile/Robbe.Van%20Beers-9076|Breaburn apples]]
  * [[http://www.lr.tudelft.nl/nl/actueel/laatste-nieuws/artikel/detail/media-aandacht-cyber-zoo/|TUDelft]] CyberZoo
  * [[http://www.cc.gatech.edu/ai/robot-lab/research/ecological.html|GaTech]] Mobile Robot Lab
  * IBED UVA 
  * [[http://www.wageningenur.nl/en/Expertise-Services/Chair-groups/Plant-Sciences/Farm-Technology-Group.htm|Wageningen]] farm technology group and [[http://www.incas3.eu/projects/smartbot|Smartbot]]
  * [[http://mime.oregonstate.edu/research/drl/|Oregon University]] Dynamic Robotics Lab
  * [[http://www.ucl.ac.uk/complex|UCL]] Centre for Mathematics, Physics and Engineering in the Life Sciences and Experimental Biology
  * [[http://robobees.seas.harvard.edu/publications|Harvard]] Robobees
  * [[http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~andrewt/gentoo/about.html|CalTech]] Ocean Gliders
  * [[https://news.wsu.edu/2014/12/03/research-examines-quality-of-landscape-cover-for-prey/#.VR-n-WaZZAY|WSU]] LiDAR fearscapes
  * [[http://www2.isr.uc.pt/~embedded/events/WREM/RSS2013/Home.html|Workshop on Robotics for Environmental Monitoring 2013]]

Open Source:
  * [[http://www.openrov.com/|Open ROV]] (marine)
  * [[https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/coralbots-restoring-and-conserving-coral-reefs-with-robots|Coral Reef Bot]]
  * [[http://ecosynth.org/page/overview|EcoSynth]] 3D mapping and measuring vegetation
  * [[http://2014.igem.org/Team:StanfordBrownSpelman/Building_The_Drone|iGEM]] decomposable drone

Companies:
  * [[http://www.festo.com/cms/en_corp/9617.htm|Festo]]
  * [[http://swarmfarm.com/|Swarm Farm]]
  * [[http://clearflightsolutions.com/|Robird]]
  * [[http://augmentedecology.com/post/84829441683/next-gen-tracking|Technology for Nature]] University College London, Microsoft Research and the Zoological Society of London
  * [[http://www.coralbots.org/|Coralbots]]
  * [[http://www.hibot.co.jp/|Hibot]]
  * [[http://www.robugtix.com/t8x/|Robugtrix]]
  * [[http://www.can-cia.org/index.php?id=1270|Chico Mendes bot]] Brazilian rainforest pollution bot

History:
  * [[http://cyberneticzoo.com/about/|Cybernetic Zoo]]
  * [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digesting_Duck|Digesting Duck]]
  * [[http://goldberg.berkeley.edu/garden/Ars/|Telegarden]]
  * [[http://www.senster.com/ihnatowicz/senster/|Senster]]
  * [[http://aeon.co/magazine/technology/medieval-technology-indistinguishable-from-magic/|Medieval Robotics]]
\\
Resources:\\
  * [[http://www.osrfoundation.org/|Open Source Robotics Foundation]]
  * [[http://softroboticstoolkit.com/|Soft Robotics Toolkit]] is part of [[http://biodesign.seas.harvard.edu/|Harvard Biodesign Lab]] that works on 'augmenting and restoring human performance' (exoskeletons etc)
  * [[http://publiclab.org/wiki/ndvi|Public Lab]] on mapping photosynthesis with near-infrared camera
Blogs, groups, etc:
  * [[http://www.robot161.nl/|Robot161]] blog
  * [[http://robohub.org/drought-and-desertification-how-robots-might-help/|Robot Hub]] robotics and desertification\\
  * [[http://www.therobotreport.com/news/ag-in-transition-from-precision-ag-to-full-autonomy|Robot Report]] precision agriculture robotics
  * [[http://www.eurageng.eu/workgroups|European Network for Advanced Engineering in Agriculture and Environment]]
  * [[http://www.nvtl.info/|Nederlandse Vereniging Techniek in de Landbouw]]
Competitions:
  * [[http://www.fieldrobot.nl/|Field Robot competition]] in [[http://fre2015.um.si/index.php/event-program|Maribor]] June 15th
  * [[http://softroboticstoolkit.com/|Soft Robotics]] this years [[http://softroboticstoolkit.com/design-competition|challenge]]
Conferences:
  * [[http://www.roboticsconference.org/index.html|2015 Robotics: Science and Systems Conference]] in Rome, July 13-17
**Agriculture bots:**\\
Harvesting and Tractors:\\
Tractors do two things: provide guidance to the devices they are towing, and pulling power. Current tractors are huge and if they break down, the entire operation comes to a halt. Autonomous machines don't need operators and can operate around the clock. Thus tight operational windows can be achieved for seeding and other time-sensitive activities.\\
  * [[http://www.agrobot.com/|Agrobot]]
  * [[http://www.energid.com/experience/citrus-harvesting/|Energid]] citrus picker
  * [[http://www.wageningenur.nl/en/Expertise-Services/Research-Institutes/Wageningen-UR-Greenhouse-Horticulture/Research-themes/Advanced-Cultivation-and-Production-Systems/Subthemes/Computer-vision-and-robotics.htm|Wageningen UR]]
  * [[http://www.agritronics.nl/|Agritronics]]
  * [[http://info.amazone.de/DisplayInfo.aspx?id=14033|Amazone-Bosch]] BoniRob field robot
  * [[http://rowbot.com|Rowbot]] corn fertilizer bot
Planting, Pruning, Potting, Grafting and Nursery Operations:\\
  * [[http://www.harvestai.com/products|Harvest Automation]] potted plant movement
  * [[http://www.isogroepmachinebouw.nl|ISO Group]] machinebouw
  * [[http://helpersys.co.kr/|Helper Robotech]] grafting bot
  * [[http://www.conic-system.com/|Conic Systems]] grafting robot
  * [[http://wall-ye.com|Wall-Ye]] pruning robot
Thinning and Weeding:\\
  * [[http://naio-technologies.com/|Naio]] weeding bot
  * [[http://www.ecorobotix.com/|ecoRobotix]] weeding bot
  * [[http://www.visionrobotics.com/|Vision Robotics]] lettuce pruner
  * [[http://www.visionweeding.com|Vision Weeding]]

more listed here: [[http://www.unibots.com/Agricultural_Robotics_Portal.htm|Unibots]]\\
\\
Note:\\
Machine Wilderness was the title of [[http://socialmedia.hpc.unm.edu/isea2012/?q=info/about-isea-2012|ISEA2012]], we adopt it in this programme as a working title.\\