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models_of_social_intelligence [2009-01-09 17:27] – davegriffiths | models_of_social_intelligence [2009-01-19 11:15] – davegriffiths | ||
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- | Part of [[Project Lirec]]: Notes (and bits pasted) from Deliverable 5.1 | + | ======Models of Social Intelligence====== |
+ | |||
+ | Part of [[Project Lirec]]: Notes (and bits pasted) from Deliverable 5.1 (needs tidying up) | ||
An understanding of social intelligence is needed for creating agents capable of long term companionship with humans. | An understanding of social intelligence is needed for creating agents capable of long term companionship with humans. | ||
- | ===Social Intelligence in Humans=== | + | =====Social Intelligence in Humans===== |
+ | What is social intelligence? | ||
* Begins in childhood with attachment and love for caregivers | * Begins in childhood with attachment and love for caregivers | ||
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* Relationships grow and fade as time passes | * Relationships grow and fade as time passes | ||
- | A long term companion needs to apply the same strategies for creating and maintaining relationships if it's to be effective. | + | A long term artificial |
- | ===Emotions and personality=== | + | =====Emotions and personality===== |
Emotions and personality need to be expressed for people to gain an empathic relation with an agent. | Emotions and personality need to be expressed for people to gain an empathic relation with an agent. | ||
* Disney animation | * Disney animation | ||
- | * Actions | + | * Actions |
- | Companions need to have a consistent personality to maintain long term relationships. | + | Companions need to have a consistent personality |
- | ===Theory of mind=== | + | =====Theory of mind===== |
- | A theory of mind is a model of a users emotional state, gained by measuring affective state from sensor input. In this way an agent return an empathic relationship with a human. Such a model must include a users: | + | See also: [[Theory of Mind in Robotics]] |
+ | |||
+ | A theory of mind in a robot is a model of a users (or another agent' | ||
* Emotional state | * Emotional state | ||
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* Personality | * Personality | ||
- | ===Memory and Adaptation=== | + | =====Memory and Adaptation===== |
- | A companion needs to adapt and evolve based on past experiences. | + | A companion needs to adapt and evolve based on past experiences. |
- | To some extent | + | |
- | ====Socially intelligent agents==== | + | ======Socially intelligent agents====== |
- | Human intelligence includes: | + | Human intelligence includes |
- | * Efficient problem solving | + | * Efficient problem solving |
* Social and emotional intelligence | * Social and emotional intelligence | ||
- | Socially intelligent agents need to have the appearance of socially | + | Socially intelligent agents need to have the appearance of social |
This social information is part of a robot' | This social information is part of a robot' | ||
- | ***The expectation of social interaction of an agent depends on it's form, a human form is more natural, but also creates very high expectations - which are not currently | + | ***The expectation of social interaction of an agent depends on it's form, a human form is more natural, but also creates very high expectations - expectations |
- | ===Castelfranchi' | + | =====Castelfranchi' |
- Goal oriented agents: the action the agent takes in the world (in other words, its behaviour) is aimed at producing some result. | - Goal oriented agents: the action the agent takes in the world (in other words, its behaviour) is aimed at producing some result. | ||
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* | * | ||
- | ===Social Power=== | + | =====Social Power===== |
- | * The influence of a social agent on a person | + | |
- | * Social agent = another person, social role, norm or group | + | * Social agent = another person, social role, norm or group |
- | * Social power can be resisted | + | * Social power can be resisted |
- | ===Social Attraction=== | + | =====Social Attraction===== |
* Affective ties of one person or agent with others | * Affective ties of one person or agent with others | ||
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* But they are often balanced | * But they are often balanced | ||
- | ===Heider' | + | =====Heider' |
http:// | http:// | ||
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The theory states that people tend to avoid unstable cognitive configurations. | The theory states that people tend to avoid unstable cognitive configurations. | ||
- | ===Existing | + | ======Examples of Socially Intelligent Agents====== |
+ | |||
+ | Embodied conversational agents - these use face to face conversations in an attempt to simplify human/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | **REA**: The automated real estate agent: http:// | ||
+ | Attempts to sell people houses, keeps a track of //task talk// and //small talk//, and can interleave them. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Laura & FitTrack**: An exercise advisor designed to explore long term relationships. Tested with 100 people, users with the relationship building features added were "more likely" | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Avatar Arena**: Multi characters interacting with each other on the user's behalf: | ||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | **2SGD Model**: Agents for interacting with groups: | ||
+ | http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | =======Social Robots====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Sociable physical robots | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Kismet**: Animatronic head which responds to people' | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Valerie the roboceptionist**: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ======Emotions and personality in Social Agents====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Moffat, 1997) states, “personality is the name we give to (an agent’s) reactions tendencies that are consistent over situations and time”. | ||
+ | |||
+ | =====Computational models of emotions===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **EMA**: http:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | **FAtiMA**: Used in Fear Not! (is this part of ION?) | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Events + Emotions -> Appraisal | ||
+ | * Appraisal based on | ||
+ | * Goals | ||
+ | * Standards | ||
+ | * Attitudes | ||
+ | * Emotions have intensity - attenuated in time | ||
+ | * Mood - overall state of emotions | ||
+ | * Mood also affects emotions | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Emotional threshold - characters resistence to an emotion type | ||
+ | * Decay rate - How fast an emotion disappears | ||
+ | = personality | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Event or action -> Knowledge base update | ||
+ | * -> emotion -> autobiographic memory | ||
+ | |||
+ | **PSI** | ||
+ | |||
+ | Needs/ | ||
+ | * food | ||
+ | * water | ||
+ | * physical integrity | ||
+ | * sexuality | ||
+ | * affiliation (social need) | ||
+ | * certainty and competence | ||
+ | |||
+ | Needs given weights, Reactive level/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ======Theory of Mind in Social Agents====== | ||
- | Embodied conversational agents | + | The ability to infer mental states in others that are not directly observable. |