Show pageOld revisionsBacklinksBack to top You've loaded an old revision of the document! If you save it, you will create a new version with this data. Media Files====Models of Social Intelligence==== Part of [[Project Lirec]]: Notes (and bits pasted) from Deliverable 5.1 An understanding of social intelligence is needed for creating agents capable of long term companionship with humans. ===Social Intelligence in Humans=== * Begins in childhood with attachment and love for caregivers * Later extends to family, friends and co-workers * Relationships grow and fade as time passes A long term companion needs to apply the same strategies for creating and maintaining relationships if it's to be effective. ===Emotions and personality=== Emotions and personality need to be expressed for people to gain an empathic relation with an agent. * Disney animation * Actions -> Feelings -> Personality and emotional state Companions need to have a consistent personality to maintain long term relationships. ===Theory of mind=== A theory of mind is a model of a users emotional state, gained by measuring affective state from sensor input. In this way an agent return an empathic relationship with a human. Such a model must include a users: * Emotional state * Goals * Intentions * Beliefs * Personality ===Memory and Adaptation=== A companion needs to adapt and evolve based on past experiences. To some extent adapt to a users personality in order to match better. ====Socially intelligent agents==== Human intelligence includes: * Efficient problem solving (has been the focus of much research) * Social and emotional intelligence Socially intelligent agents need to have the appearance of socially understanding and also recognise other agents or humans and establish relationships with them. This social information is part of a robot's environment, and sensed through it's understanding of the outside world. ***The expectation of social interaction of an agent depends on it's form, a human form is more natural, but also creates very high expectations - which are not currently possible.*** ===Castelfranchi's ontology for social interaction=== - Goal oriented agents: the action the agent takes in the world (in other words, its behaviour) is aimed at producing some result. - Interference and dependence: implies that there must be interference among the actions and goals of the agents, i.e., the effects of the action of one agent are relevant for the goals of another. - Mindreading: representation of both beliefs and goals of the minds of other agents. This concept is frequently mentioned as Theory of Mind. - Coordination: when two agents coordinate their behaviour without influencing each other and without any explicit communication. - Delegation: an agent x needs or likes an action from the agent y and includes it on her own plan. Delegation (or relying on) presupposes trust among the agents. - Goals about other's action/goals: besides having beliefs about other agent's goals, agents can also have goals about the minds of the other. For instance, one agent might have the goal of changing something on other agent's mind. - Social goal adoption: when the mind of an agent x changes because of a goal of another agent y. In other words, when the agent y succeeds on the task of changing agent x's mind. - Joint action: when two or more agents (socially) commit each other and adopt the same goal. - Social structures and organisation: when a group of agents, with different goals and limited abilities and resources, interact in the same environment, a dependence structure emerges. Such emergence is what makes social goals evolve or be derived. Establishing relationships might be easy - it's quite possible for people to have relationships of a form with inanimate objects, maintaining and developing a relationship is harder. Bickmore & Picard - relationship maintenance strategies, based on human-human relationship maintenance: * Performing new activities together, as long as both the parties agree to the new activity. * Meta-relational communication, i.e., talk about the relationship. * Empathy, defined as the process of attending to, understanding and responding to another person's emotive expressions. * Reciprocal self-disclosure, which may increase intimacy, trust, closeness and liking. * Use of humour. * Talk about the past and the future together, and reference mutual knowledge in conversations. * Continuity behaviours to properly bridge the time people are apart, such as greetings and farewells. * Emphasize commonalities and de-emphasize differences, to increase solidarity and rapport. ===Social Power=== * The influence of a social agent on a person * Social agent = another person, social role, norm or group * Social power can be resisted ===Social Attraction=== * Affective ties of one person or agent with others * Can be positive or negative * Not necessarily reciprocal * But they are often balanced ===Heider's Balance Theory=== http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_theory POX triple p = person o = other person x = object The theory states that people tend to avoid unstable cognitive configurations. ====Existing Socially Intelligent Agents==== Embodied conversational agents Please fill all the letters into the box to prove you're human. Please keep this field empty: SavePreviewCancel Edit summary Note: By editing this page you agree to license your content under the following license: CC Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International models_of_social_intelligence.1231522084.txt.gz Last modified: 2009-01-09 17:28(external edit)