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plant_neurobiology [2011-08-11 13:53] – lbillietplant_neurobiology [2011-08-11 13:57] – lbilliet
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 « Phloem is an electrical conductor of bioelectrochemical impulses over long distances . . . structures of phloem and axon can be pictured as hollow tubes filled with electrolyte solutions » (Volkov, 2000)  « Phloem is an electrical conductor of bioelectrochemical impulses over long distances . . . structures of phloem and axon can be pictured as hollow tubes filled with electrolyte solutions » (Volkov, 2000) 
  
-Some keywords :+==Some keywords :==
  
 Phloem, Xylem, Neuron, Axon Phloem, Xylem, Neuron, Axon
  
-===The signalling systems in plants===+==The signalling systems in plants==
  
 Plants use a lot of chemical signals to regulate their growth, metabolisms and to adapt to external constraints. In the last decades, the study of the key molecules such as auxins, growth regulators, morphogens and other plant hormones has shown a lot of similarities with the animal's hormonal system. Plants use a lot of chemical signals to regulate their growth, metabolisms and to adapt to external constraints. In the last decades, the study of the key molecules such as auxins, growth regulators, morphogens and other plant hormones has shown a lot of similarities with the animal's hormonal system.
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 There are two types of electrical impulses in the plant : There are two types of electrical impulses in the plant :
  
- * The action potentials have been shown to be involved in many internal regulation processes (growth synchronization, modulation of auxin metabolism, sensing of hydraulic signal, some 'moving' reactions, etc.), and are transmitted via the phloem. The term 'action potential' actually comes from the classical neurobiology.+  * The action potentials have been shown to be involved in many internal regulation processes (growth synchronization, modulation of auxin metabolism, sensing of hydraulic signal, some 'moving' reactions, etc.), and are transmitted via the phloem. The term 'action potential' actually comes from the classical neurobiology.
  
- * The slow wave potential (also called variation potential) are induced in case of more severe wounds, and seem to be transmitted via the xylem.+  * The slow wave potential (also called variation potential) are induced in case of more severe wounds, and seem to be transmitted via the xylem.
  
 The action potentials are largely documented in the scientific literature and the most famous manifestation of it is the rapid reaction of 'sensitive' plants such as Mimosa pudica or the insect trap of Dionaea muscipula. The action potentials are largely documented in the scientific literature and the most famous manifestation of it is the rapid reaction of 'sensitive' plants such as Mimosa pudica or the insect trap of Dionaea muscipula.
  
-===Origin of the similarities between the signalling systems in plants and animals===+==Origin of the similarities between the signalling systems in plants and animals==
  
 Between two living organisms, a similarity can be explained by a process of convergent evolution (in that case we speak about an homoplasy) or by the existence of a common ancestor that already presented that certain feature. Between two living organisms, a similarity can be explained by a process of convergent evolution (in that case we speak about an homoplasy) or by the existence of a common ancestor that already presented that certain feature.
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 A question that arise here is wheter the 'similar' neural system of plants and animals can be explained as pure homoplasies or could be partially explained via their common origin. The latter hypothesis implies that the common ancestor of plants and animals, that was an unicellular organism, should already present some features that announce the apparition of a neural system. Some authors (Meyerowitz, 2000) defend the idea that some neuronal rudiments could exist in elongated cells with a great membrane surface. A question that arise here is wheter the 'similar' neural system of plants and animals can be explained as pure homoplasies or could be partially explained via their common origin. The latter hypothesis implies that the common ancestor of plants and animals, that was an unicellular organism, should already present some features that announce the apparition of a neural system. Some authors (Meyerowitz, 2000) defend the idea that some neuronal rudiments could exist in elongated cells with a great membrane surface.
  
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-“phloem is an electrical conductor of bioelectrochemical impulses over long distances . . . structures of phloem and axon can be pictured as hollow tubes filled with electrolyte solutions” (Volkov, 2000) 
  
 “plants may be more sophisticated and share more in common with animals in their non-cognitive behaviours than previously thought” (Gersani et al., 2001) “plants may be more sophisticated and share more in common with animals in their non-cognitive behaviours than previously thought” (Gersani et al., 2001)
  • plant_neurobiology.txt
  • Last modified: 2013-04-05 12:12
  • by nik